Another in our series of new transcriptions of contemporary articles on the Leo Frank case.

Atlanta Journal

Wednesday, April 30^th, 1913

Judge Gober Says His Client Will Be Taken Before Justice of the Peace Powers

J. M. Gantt, held on a warrant charging the murder of Mary Phagan, will given a hearing before Justice F. M. Powers at 3 o’clock Wednesday afternoon. Gantt was Tuesday afternoon transferred from police barracks to the jail on an order issued by Judge Bell.

Justice Powers, who issued the warrant for Gantt’s arrest, had not been notified of the hearing at 8:30 o’clock Wednesday morning, but it was stated at the office of Judge George Gober, attorney for Gantt, that the hearing will be held at 3 o’clock.

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Atlanta Journal, April 30th 1913, “Hearing for Gantt at 3 P.M. Wednesday,” Leo Frank case newspaper article series (Original PDF)

Another in our series of new transcriptions of contemporary articles on the Leo Frank case.

Atlanta Journal

Wednesday, April 30^th, 1913

Money Will Be Paid for Information Leading to Arrest of Girl’s Murderer

At a special session called at 10 o’clock Wednesday morning, the city council of Atlanta voted for the appropriation of $1,000 as a reward for information leading to the arrest of the party or parties guilty of the brutal murder of little Mary Phagan. In the building of the National Pencil company’s factory on Forsyth street, last Saturday afternoon or night.

Immediately afterward the aldermanic board met and concurred in the appropriation.

The only objection made to the money as a reward came from Councilman A. D. Thomson, who declared it would be best to use the money at once for hiring competent detectives to work on the case. He pointed out that rewards often resulted in stool pigeons swearing away the life of an innocent party. “If the detectives now working on the case are not competent,” said Councilman Thomson, “then let us use this money in securing men who can clear up the mystery.”

It is expected that Mayor Woodward will approve the action of both bodies during the day, so that the money will be obtainable at once.

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Atlanta Journal, April 30th 1913, “Reward of $1,000 is Appropriated by City,” Leo Frank case newspaper article series (Original PDF)

Leo M. Frank [On early Monday morning (April 28th, 1913), Leo Frank already had his lawyers present to answer questions from the police; the most expensive criminal defense lawyers in Georgia, somehow secured over the weekend, just one day after the murder and before Leo Frank was even seen as a major suspect. On Sunday, Frank told the police he was alone with Mary in his office at 12:03pm, but on Monday, with his lawyers at his side, he changed the time to between 12:05 and 12:10pm, a habit Frank would later fall into during subsequent questioning and trials. — Ed.]

Another in our series of new transcriptions of contemporary articles on the Leo Frank case.

Atlanta Journal

Wednesday, April 30^th, 1913

They Decline to Say, However, Whether Conversation Between Superintendent and Watchman Was Overheard

WAS MARY PHAGAN SEEN AT 5 P. M.?

J. L. Watkins Says He Saw Her Near Her Home—Chemist’s Tests Shows No Blood Under Negro’s Finger Nails

A report that there was a Dictaphone in the room in which Leo M. Frank talked with Newt Lee, the negro night watchman, at police headquarters Tuesday night in a supposed effort to wring a confession from the negro, was denied Wednesday by both Chief of Detectives Lanford and Chief of Police Beavers.

Neither official, however, would say that the conversation between the factory superintendent and the negro was private. They were asked directly if any member of the police or detective departments heard what was said between Frank and the negro but declined to say.

There is a strong belief that the meeting between the superintendent and the negro was arranged by the detectives in the hope of obtaining evidence without the knowledge of either Mr. Frank or the night watchman. The report spread that sensational evidence was obtained in this manner, but no confirmation could be obtained at headquarters.

WHAT TIME CLOCK SHOWS.

Despite the negro watchman’s statement that he passed every half hour through the machine room, where it is presumed Mary Phagan first battled to save her honor and her life, an examination of the clock’s record which was brought to police headquarters Tuesday afternoon, developed that the clock had not been punched from midnight Saturday until long after the body of the murdered girl was found.

The time clock record shows that the instrument was visited regularly up to 9:25 o’clock Saturday night. It was next punched at 10:29 o’clock. Next the instrument records a visit from some-one, presumably the night watchman, at midnight. The clock was not punched between 2 o’clock and 3 o’clock in the morning.

Considered of far more importance that the irregularity of the visits of the watchman to the time clock, despite the fact that his previous record shows that almost invariably he punched the clock each half hour on past nights, was the finding by City Detective John Black and Harry Scott, of the Pinkertons, of a bloody shirt stuffed in a barrel at the negro watchman’s home on Hendrix avenue.

Between the irregular adjustments of the clock the negro would have had ample time to visit his home, it is said.

Still the detectives argue, the evidence against Lee might have been planted. Lee was confronted with the bloody shirt and he says that he hasn’t worn it in two years, and that when last he saw the shirt it had no blood on it. His wife declares that he left the house Saturday wearing the shirt he now has on at police headquarters.

SAYS HE SAW HER AT 5 P. M.

J. L. Watkins, a blacksmith at the corner of Bellwood avenue and Ashby street, is positive that he saw Mary Phagan about 5 o’clock Saturday afternoon, and he is the first witness who is positive that the murdered girl left the Forsyth street factory after she went there Saturday about noon to collect the $1.20 due her for two days’ work in the place.

Watkins lives near Mary Phagan’s home, and says that he has known her for years.

Saturday afternoon about 5 o’clock, he tells The Journal, he saw her walking up Bellwood avenue in the direction of her home on Lindsay street. He was walking behind her, he says, and was only ten paces away.

“I am positive that it was Mary Phagan,” said Mr. Watkins, “and I have known her as a neighbor for many years.

“When I last saw her she was cutting across a vacant lot towards Lindsay street and her home. She was dressed in a blue skirt and white shirtwaist and was bareheaded.”

Watkins was located by the detectives Tuesday and made substantially the same statement to them that he has to The Journal.

NO BLOOD UNDER NAILS.

A chemical analysis was made Tuesday night at the direction of Chief of Detectives Lanford of the dirt under the finger nails of Newt Lee. The analysis proved a point in the negro’s favor rather than against him, since it developed absolutely no trace of blood.

It developed Wednesday that on an investigation by the detectives the supposed “blood finger prints” on the dead girl’s arm were proved to be “paint finger prints,” and according to Chief Lanford, the paint might have been on the arm for weeks.

All efforts to break Lee down and force a confession or more complete statement failed Tuesday night. Francis E. Wright, of Pulliam street, salesman, assisted the detectives in “sweating” Lee during the evening, and emerged from a long conference with the statement that the negro must be innocent. There is also a growing impression among the rank and file at police headquarters, that the watchman, despite the circumstantial evidence against him, did not commit the crime.

Walter Graham, a young white man of 75 Marietta street, smuggled a derringer revolver into a cell at headquarters next to Lee, and Tuesday night discharged the weapon. Lee was badly frightened by the report, but when visited shortly afterwards by the detectives had not weakened.

FRANK KEEPS CALM.

Leo M. Frank, superintendent of the factory, a thin, wiry man, who wears eyeglasses with thick lenses, and who

USE OF DICTAPHONE ON FRANK AND NEGRO IS DENIED BY POLICE

(Continued From Page One.)

does not appear to be in the best of health, is taking his imprisonment very calmly.

When he was told by The Journal of the result of the examination of the time clock record of his factory, he showed great surprise.

“I don’t remember ever having heard of Lee’s failing to punch the clock at regular intervals,” he said.

“While I do not examine the record each day, if the negro failed in his duty, it would have been reported to me immediately. Lee has been unusually faithful about his duties.”

Numbers of Frank’s friends visited him at the police headquarters during Tuesday afternoon and evening, and it was not until shortly after midnight that they left. He, with a guard by his side, went to sleep on a cot in the office of detectives and slept soundly for several hours.

[J.] M. Gantt, whose attorneys, Gober & Jackson, took him before Judge George L. Bell, of the superior court, on a writ of habeas corpus Tuesday afternoon, has been transferred at the judge’s order to the Tower.

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Atlanta Journal, April 30th 1913, “Use of Dictaphone on Frank and Negro Denied by Police,” Leo Frank case newspaper article series (Original PDF)

Another in our series of new transcriptions of contemporary articles on the Leo Frank case.

Atlanta Journal

Tuesday, April 29^th, 1913

Gatemen, T. R. Malone and H. P. Sibley, After Viewing Corpse, Declare Mary Phagan, Sobbing Loudly and Displaying Vehement Feelings, Prevented Strange Man From Boarding Train for Washington—Neither of Men Detained by Police Is Mysterious Stranger

H. P. SIBLEY, gateman and T. R. Malone, special officer at the Atlanta Terminal station, have identified the dead body of little Mary Phagan as the same girl whom they saw dramatically prevent a man from leaving on train No. 38 for Washington, D. C., Friday morning at 11:01 o’clock.

Both men declare a young man apparently about twenty-five years of age, blue eyes, light hair, weight about 135 pounds and between 5 feet 8 or 9 inches tall, dressed in a dark business suit and wearing a derby hat, reached the gate that led down to the tracks from which 38 left a few minutes before train time.

“Just as the man reached the gate,” said Mr. Sibley, “and showed me his ticket to Washington, a pretty little girl in her early teens slipped up behind him and caught him by the arm. He seemed irritated and pushed her away. ‘You are trying to get away from me,’ she cried stamping her foot. ‘You are trying to leave me and you shan’t do it.’

HE REFUSED TO KISS HER.

“The man refusing to kiss her, again, jerked away, saying he had paid $1 taxi hire to tell her goodbye. ‘No you didn’t,’ screamed the girl, ‘you are trying to slip away from me and you can’t do it.’ The man then appealed to me to quiet her and winking, asked me if I had seen him come up to the gate before and then go away. I replied that I had but, of course, did not know where he had gone. This did not seem to quiet the child at all and again she accused him of trying to leave her.

“The fellow started down the steps and the girl set up the worst screams I have ever heard and attempted to get past me. I caught her by the arm and held her but she made so much noise and stamped her feet so in her fury that he came bac and the two went over to the other side of the promenade to talk it over. She was still very much excited and was crying.

“In a few minutes the man came to me and Mr. Malone who was attracted by the noise, and asked if his tickets would be good on another train. We told him that the railroad ticket was good until the date punched in the margin had expired, but that he would have to get another Pullman ticket.

THEY LEFT STATION TOGETHER.

“Both of them went out together and we have seen neither of them since that time. The girl was still crying, but her companion was apparently composed. Mr. Malone said, however, that he thought the man was nervous and showed his discomfort.

“Neither one of us thought anything more of the incident until the news of the murder and the pictures in the papers two days later.

“I recognized the likeness of the girl at the station in The Journal Monday morning and called the attention of Mr. Malone to it. We were pretty sure then that it was one and the same person but to satisfy ourselves went down to Bloomfield’s chapel to have a look at the remains.

“There she was and I am morally certain that the murdered girl who lay in the coffin was none other than the one we had seen keep the fellow from going off on his train.

“Another thing that points towards the positive identification is a remark a bystander made just after the dramatic scene had come to an end. I don’t know who he was but both Mr. Malone and I overheard him say that he knew the girl. Her name was Mary something, he couldn’t remember her last name, he said, but declared that he had seen her in Marietta and knew who she was.”

STRANGER’S IDENTITY UNKNOWN.

Both Mr. Malone and Mr. Sibley have seen Mullinax and declare he is not the man who was the central figure in the little drams enacted at the gate to train No. 38. They have not seen Gantt, but are positive from his pictures and description that neither is he the one. Gantt is a large man, nearly five inches taller than the person seen by them, and he is also of the brunette type.

In company with two Journal reporters, Mr. Malone went to police station Tuesday afternoon and saw Leo M. Frank, who was being questioned by detectives in the office of Chief Lanford. He is positive that neither of the three men mentioned is the same as the one at the station.

Mr. Malone stated that the clerk in the Pullman office said the stranger came back Friday and purchased a ticket on the 2:35 sleeper. Later he saw him walking about the lobby. The girl was not with him. The man was not seen to enter the gate by any of the attendants and it is not known whether he finally went away or remained in the city.

At best it appears that this latest angle in the mysterious case has brought another party into it, who, heretofore, had not been connected with the matter in any way. If he took the afternoon train for Washington, no one saw him aboard his Pulllman. Likewise no one who had witnessed the incident of the morning saw him leave the depot.

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Atlanta Journal, April 29th 1913, “Witnesses Positive Murdered Girl Was Same Who Created Scene at the Terminal Station on Friday,” Leo Frank case newspaper article series (Original PDF)

Another in our series of new transcriptions of contemporary articles on the Leo Frank case.

Atlanta Journal

Tuesday, April 29^th, 1913

Are there any friends or acquaintances of little Mary Phagan who saw her after she is supposed to have left the offices of the National Pencil company Saturday afternoon, where she went for the little pay that was due her?

Is there any one who knows the girl, who can say she was seen in the city of Atlanta or elsewhere following her departure from home shortly before noon on that day?

According to Superintendent Leo Frank, the child called for her envelope shortly after 12 o’clock on the day of the tragedy. She is supposed to have left the building.

The question is, where did she go?

She did not return home and then come back to the city, for her parents sat up nearly all of Saturday night waiting anxiously for her.

When she left the factory on South Forsyth street, where did she go? If she was on the streets some one of her friends at least must have seen her.

Where, now, are those friends?

It was Memorial day, and thousands were out for the parade, the opera and the ball game.

Does it seem possible that a girl as well known as Mary could be on the streets in such a mass of humanity and not be seen by at least one acquaintance?

Was she alone on the streets of Atlanta from the time she is said to have left the building until late Saturday night, when conflicting reports from photographs in the papers and the sight of the remains?

If she was not alone, then who was with her during the day?

An answer to the question: “Was Mary Phagan seen on the street after she entered the pencil factory Saturday at noon?” would throw much light on the murder mystery.

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Atlanta Journal, April 29th 1913, “Where Was Mary Phagan on Saturday Afternoon?” Leo Frank case newspaper article series (Original PDF)

Another in our series of new transcriptions of contemporary articles on the Leo Frank case.

Atlanta Journal

Tuesday, April 29^th, 1913

Believes That Newt Lee Bound and Gagged, Then Murdered Mary Phagan

W. J. Coleman, step-father of Mary Phagan, believes that she was murdered by Newt Lee, the negro night watchman, but that before the murder she lay bound and gagged in the factory of the National Pen [sic] company, 37 South Forsyth street, from shortly after noon on Saturday until past midnight.

As people passed back and forth along the street, as members of the girl’s family waited anxiously for her return, he thinks that she lay helpless within the factory, while the negro waited for an opportune time to attack and then murder her.

His belief is that as soon as she had been paid the wages that she went to the factory to collect, she passed into the dressing room, perhaps for a drink of water. There, in his opinion, the negro seized the girl and bound and gagged her. He says there is plain evidence in the dressing room that the girl was first attacked there.

He does not believe that either Arthur Mullinax or J. M. Gant [sic] had any hand in the murder of Mary Phagan.

“The negro evidently kept the child in the factory all day,” Mr. Coleman said, “and was afraid to attack her until midnight for fear she would scream or somebody would come. He may or may not have knocked her senseless from the first, or he may have tied her. I do not know but when Gantt entered the shop, it is more than likely that he knew nothing of the girl’s presence there and simply went up and got his shoes, as he said, and went out again.

“All this about Mary having seen on the street at midnight or at any other time after 12 o’clock in the day I do not think can be true. I believe she remained all day in the building. After the negro did the work he was afraid to leave or not to notify the police, which would make appearances worse for him. Therefore he called the officers.”

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Atlanta Journal, April 29th 1913, “Stepfather Thinks Negro is Murderer,” Leo Frank case newspaper article series (Original PDF)

J. M. Gant [sic], who was arrested at Marietta and brough[t] to Atlanta Monday, charged with the death of Mary Phagan. [Gantt was in the factory on the Saturday of the murder to pick up a pair of shoes he had left since leaving the Pencil company. Leo M. Frank was very reluctant to let him inside the building. Originally, Frank’s behavior towards Gantt was assumed to be because of Gantt’s recent firing, even though there were no bad relations between the two — Ed.]

Another in our series of new transcriptions of contemporary articles on the Leo Frank case.

Atlanta Journal

Tuesday, April 29^th, 1913

Mayor Woodward Calls Special Meeting of Council So That Reward Can Be Formally Offered—Governor Brown Issued Proclamation Tuesday Morning

Governor Joseph M. Brown Tuesday morning offered a reward of $200 for the apprehension and conviction of the murderer or murderers of Mary Phagan, and the city of Atlanta is expected to offer a $1,000 reward at a special meeting that has been called by Mayor James G. Woodward for Wednesday morning at 10 o’clock.

Mayor Woodward points out that this is one of the most atrocious crimes in Atlanta’s history and that the city cannot afford to let it go unheeded.

Following is the mayor’s message to council:

“Atlanta, Ga., April 29, 1913.

“To the General Council City of Atlanta:

“Gentlemen:

“The general council of the city of Atlanta is hereby called to convene in special session tomorrow morning at 10 o’clock, April 30, 1913, to take cognizance in an official way, of that most brutal crime that was committed in this city on last Saturday night.

“I think it is proper that the city government should take some befitting action as regards this most deplorable matter, which, as it is, is liable to cast unenviable criticism upon the name of our fair city, and I would suggest that your honorable body offer a suitable reward of not less than $1,000 for the capture of the brute or brutes that could so far forget themselves as to commit such an outrageous crime. I feel satisfied that every tax payer of this city will heartily cooperate in indorsing the action of mayor and general council in offering this reward. Respectfully submitted,

“J. G. WOODWARD, Mayor.”

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Atlanta Journal, April 29th 1913, “State Offers $200 Reward; City Will Follow With $1,000 for Mary Phagan’s Murderer,” Leo Frank case newspaper article series (Original PDF)

Another in our series of new transcriptions of contemporary articles on the Leo Frank case.

Atlanta Journal

Tuesday, April 29^th, 1913

Petition Made to Judge George L. Bell and Will Be Heard at 4 o’Clock

J. M. GANT [sic] charged with the murder of Mary Phagan is seeking his release upon a writ of habeas corpus.

Petition for such a writ was made Tuesday morning to Judge Bell of the superior court and he directed that a hearing be had at 4 o’clock Tuesday afternoon.

Judge Gober, attorney for Gant, made the petition, and will argue Tuesday afternoon for the immediate release of the former bookkeeper.

Gant sets forth in his petition to Judge Bell that he is absolutely innocent of the crime of which he is accused, and that his detention by the police is without reason or authority.

Gant was arrested Monday about noon in Marietta, as he was on his way from Atlanta to his mother’s home, who lives in the country a short distance from Marietta.

He was arrested as he stepped from the street car, and was retained Monday afternoon to Atlanta and lodged in police station on the charge of having murdered Mary Phagan.

Upon his arrival, he was reluctant to talk, but at police station he made a vigorous statement in which he denied any knowledge of the murder of the four

Gantt’s Release Asked In Habeas Corpus Writ Witnesses Positive

(Continued From Page 1.)

teen-year-old girl and gave a clear explanation of his visit to Marietta.

DEMANDS IMMEDIATE HEARING.

Judge Gober, who is a relative of his and who came to his assistance as attorney, demanded an immediate hearing for the prisoner. But Chief of Detectives Lanford announced Tuesday morning that neither Gant nor Arthur Mullinax would be given an immediate hearing and that both would continue under arrest.

Immediately after this announcement, Judge Gober presented to Judge Bell the petition for a writ of habeas corpus, and the petition was set for an immediate hearing Tuesday afternoon.

At this hearing, the police will be called upon to advance whatever evidence they have to connect Gant with the murder, and he will offer a defense based upon his own statement and that of his sister, Mrs. F. C. Terrell, of 284 East Linden street.

She says that he spent Saturday night, the night of the murder, at her residence, where he made his home, and he insists also that he returned to his sister’s residence at about 10:30 o’clock and remained there during the night. Their statements vary in that she says he came home for supper, while he admits that it was 10:30 o’clock before he returned.

HIS STATEMENT.

“I did not kill Mary Phagan. I haven’t seen her within a month. I am innocent, and I swear it.

WHAT HE DID SATURDAY.

“Now, I’ll tell you exactly what I did Saturday. First, I saw the the [sic] Memorial parade. Then I got with some friends and we walked over town a little, here and there, but to no particular place. I was intending to leave town Monday. A pair of old shoes I had worn a month ago were down at the pencil factory. I used to work there, you know, and they were left on the first floor.

“I wanted to get them and asked Mr. Frank, the president of the plant, if I could get into the building. He said I could, and referred me to the negro night watchman. I got into the building and found the shoes. I didn’t stay but a short while. About 7:30 o’clock I met two friends. We went to a pool room uptown and played pool until 10:30 o’clock. I didn’t play, but sat around and watched the other fellows. When I left the pool room, I went directly to my sister’s home on Linden street. She met me at the door. I went to straight to bed and was asleep almost the moment I hit the mattress.”

HEARD OF MURDER.

“Where were you when told of the murder?” he was asked.

“I got up late Sunday morning. That night, I went to see Miss Annie Chambers, of 18 Warren place, with whom I have been going ever since Christmas. We were sitting in the parlor. Her little brother, Philip, came in with a story about a girl being murdered in the pencil factory.

“I was acquainted with most of the girls that worked there. I asked him what was the girl’s name.

“’I don’t know,’ he answered. ‘They haven’t identified her yet.’ It was about 8 o’clock at night, then. That was the first I knew of the killing. When I left Miss Chambers’ home I went to my sister’s house and to bed.”

KNEW HER AS A CHILD.

In denying the charge that he was infatuated with Mary Phagan, Gant said:

“When she was a little girl, about ten years ago, I knew her in Marietta. They lived close to the home of my family in Cobb county. Then I knew her again when she worked in the pencil factory. I had never paid her any particular attention, and was not in love with her. I don’t guess she was in love with me. She never said anything, if she was, and she didn’t show any signs that would indicate it.”

“I could wring the neck of whoever accuses me of such a thing,” he blazed. “It’s the most atrocious crime I’ve ever heard of. I never could have conceived it, let alone commit it. The man is a murderer who would unjustifiably accuse another of such a deed.”

Gantt was bookkeeper at the National Pencil company until three weeks ago, when he was discharged.

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Atlanta Journal, April 29th 1913, “Gantt’s Release Asked in Habeas Corpus Writ,” Leo Frank case newspaper article series (Original PDF)

Another in our series of new transcriptions of contemporary articles on the Leo Frank case.

Atlanta Journal

Tuesday, April 29^th, 1913

Murderer of Mary Phagan Probably Left Factory by the Rear Door

A bloody thumb print, found Tuesday afternoon on the rear door to the basement of the National Pencil factory, leads the police to the theory that the murderer of Mary Phagan left the factory building by that door after he had deposited the girl’s body in the basement.

This theory is still further strengthened by the fact that when the murder was discovered Sunday morning it was found that a staple had been drawn from the fastening on the rear door.

R. B. Piron, said to be an employee of the pencil factory, came across the bloody thumb print while making an examination of the factory premises. He chiseled off the bloody spot and took it to Detective Chief Newport A. Lanford, who will have it analyzed to determine whether the stain is human blood.

Piron also brought along a woman’s handkerchief and a sharpened pencil, which he says he found in the basement near the spot where Mary Phagan’s body lay.

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Atlanta Journal, April 29th 1913, “Bloody Thumb Print is Found on Door,” Leo Frank case newspaper article series (Original PDF)

Another in our series of new transcriptions of contemporary articles on the Leo Frank case.

Atlanta Journal

Monday, April 28^th, 1913

Calling upon God Almighty to visit speedy vengeance upon the murderer or murderers of his fourteen-year-old granddaughter, Mary Phagan, whose mutilated body was discovered Sunday morning in the basement of the National Pencil company’s factory on Forsyth street, W. J. Phagan, an elderly citizen of Marietta, declares that he will never rest until the fiend or fiends are brought to justice.

The old man almost collapsed when he learned of the awful crime, and he sobbed piteously as he prayed for divine aid in clearing up the mystery surrounding the murder of the girl.

“The living God will see to it that the brute is found and punished according to his sin,” declared Mr. Phagan. “I hope the murderer will be dealt with as he has dealt with that tender and innocent child. I hope that he suffers anguish and remorse in the same measure that she suffered pain and shame. No punishment is too great for him. Hanging cannot atone for the crime he has committed and the suffering he has caused both to his victim and her relatives.”

Mr. Phagan was so overcome that he had to take to his bed, but he declared that he would attend the inquest over the remains of his granddaughter Monday morning. However, his condition was such during the early morning that his relatives feared he would not be strong enough to make the trip to Atlanta and face the ordeal of the inquest.

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Atlanta Journal, April 28th 1913, “‘God’s Vengeance Will Strike Brute Who Killed Her,’ Says Grandfather of Mary Phagan,” Leo Frank case newspaper article series (Original PDF)